@prefix ocrer: <http://purl.org/net/OCRe/research.owl#> .
@prefix owl:   <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix scires: <http://vivoweb.org/ontology/scientific-research#> .
@prefix xsd:   <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix skos:  <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
@prefix rdfs:  <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix ocresd: <http://purl.org/net/OCRe/study_design.owl#> .
@prefix swo:   <http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/swo/> .
@prefix cito:  <http://purl.org/spar/cito/> .
@prefix geo:   <http://aims.fao.org/aos/geopolitical.owl#> .
@prefix ocresst: <http://purl.org/net/OCRe/statistics.owl#> .
@prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix vivo:  <http://vivoweb.org/ontology/core#> .
@prefix event: <http://purl.org/NET/c4dm/event.owl#> .
@prefix vann:  <http://purl.org/vocab/vann/> .
@prefix foaf:  <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
@prefix c4o:   <http://purl.org/spar/c4o/> .
@prefix fabio: <http://purl.org/spar/fabio/> .
@prefix vcard: <http://www.w3.org/2006/vcard/ns#> .
@prefix thkoeln: <http://cris.nrw/hisinone#> .
@prefix vitro: <http://vitro.mannlib.cornell.edu/ns/vitro/0.7#> .
@prefix vitro-public: <http://vitro.mannlib.cornell.edu/ns/vitro/public#> .
@prefix rdf:   <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix ocresp: <http://purl.org/net/OCRe/study_protocol.owl#> .
@prefix bibo:  <http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/> .
@prefix obo:   <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/> .
@prefix ro:    <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro.owl#> .

obo:BFO_0000031  a  owl:Class ;
        rdfs:label  "Bedingter Kontinuant"@de-DE , "Generically Dependent Continuant"@en-US , "Generically Dependent Continuant"@en .

<https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/FF_001>
        <http://cris.nrw/hisinone/istForschungsfeldvon>
                <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/publ_16389> .

<https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/aut_16389-1>
        a             obo:BFO_0000001 , obo:BFO_0000020 , vivo:Authorship , vivo:Relationship , obo:BFO_0000002 , owl:Thing ;
        vivo:relates  <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/publ_16389> .

obo:BFO_0000002  a  owl:Class ;
        rdfs:label  "Kontinuant"@de-DE , "Continuant"@en-US , "Continuant"@en .

<https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/publ_16389>
        a                         owl:Thing , obo:BFO_0000001 , obo:BFO_0000031 , foaf:Document , thkoeln:Journalartikel , thkoeln:Artikel , thkoeln:Publikation , bibo:Document , obo:BFO_0000002 , obo:IAO_0000030 ;
        rdfs:label                "RDF description of Hydrothermal Carbonization of Biowaste as an Alternative Treatment Path to Current Waste Management Practices in Germany - https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/publ_16389" , "Hydrothermal Carbonization of Biowaste as an Alternative Treatment Path to Current Waste Management Practices in Germany" ;
        thkoeln:artikelnummer     "114433" ;
        thkoeln:dokumententyp     "Wissenschaftlicher Artikel" ;
        thkoeln:peerReviewed      "true" ;
        thkoeln:sprache           "englisch" ;
        thkoeln:status            "validiert" ;
        <http://cris.nrw/hisinone/hatForschungsfeld>
                <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/FF_001> ;
        <http://cris.nrw/hisinone/hatOrganisationseinheit>
                <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/11000380> , <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/11000450> , <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/10000146> ;
        <http://cris.nrw/hisinone/hatRessourceart>
                <http://cris.nrw/hisinone/RessourceText> ;
        <http://cris.nrw/hisinone/hatZitat>
                <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/cite_16389-0> , <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/cite_16389-2> , <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/cite_16389-1> ;
        <http://cris.nrw/hisinone/hatZugangsrecht>
                <http://cris.nrw/hisinone/RestrictedAccess> ;
        <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/date>
                "2026-04-03T22:16:17"^^xsd:dateTime ;
        <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/publisher>
                <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo> ;
        <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/rights>
                <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/termsOfUse> ;
        bibo:abstract             "Instead of an exclusive composting of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW), anaerobic digestion (AD) has emerged as a widely used upstream process in Germany to additionally harvest energy from this waste stream. However, the energy potential is not fully exploited as only easily biodegradable material undergoes AD. Additionally, a high potential of CH₄ and N₂O emissions during the composting and spreading of compost may result in an overall high global warming potential (GWP) from these treatment paths. In this study, nine alternative or additional treatment options to AD followed by composting were investigated. For all treatment paths, the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) reflected a central component and was connected to a downstream energy exploitation step by means of gasification or co-combustion. All treatment paths were dynamically modeled with regards to their energetic performance and evaluated against their exergetic efficiency. The datasets on energy consumption and production formed the basis for determining the global warming potential (GWP) according to a life cycle assessment approach. The functional unit was the production and export of exergy. The assessment showed that the incorporation of an HTC step was able to increase the net exergy exploitation by up to 93% in comparison to a treatment path consisting of AD and composting. Simultaneously, the GWP was reduced by 30%. Here, preferential treatment paths combined AD with HTC." ;
        bibo:doi                  "10.1016/j.enconman.2021.114433" ;
        bibo:volume               "244" ;
        vitro:mostSpecificType    thkoeln:Journalartikel ;
        vivo:dateTimeValue        <http://cris.nrw/date2021> ;
        vivo:freetextKeyword      "Hydrothermal carbonization" , "Anaerobic digestion" , "Cascaded waste treatment" , "Energetic assessment" , "Dynamic modeling" , "Global warming potential" ;
        vivo:hasPublicationVenue  <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/journal_2671> ;
        vivo:relatedBy            <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/aut_16389-5> , <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/aut_16389-1> , <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/aut_16389-2> , <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/aut_16389-4> , <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/aut_16389-3> .

thkoeln:Artikel  a  owl:Class ;
        rdfs:label  "Artikel"@de-DE , "Article"@en-US .

<https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/journal_2671>
        a                         bibo:Journal , obo:BFO_0000002 , bibo:Collection , owl:Thing , obo:BFO_0000031 , bibo:Periodical , obo:IAO_0000030 , obo:BFO_0000001 , thkoeln:Zeitschrift ;
        rdfs:label                "Energy conversion and management" ;
        vivo:publicationVenueFor  <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/publ_16389> .

obo:BFO_0000001  a  owl:Class ;
        rdfs:label  "Entität"@de-DE , "Entity"@en-US , "Entity"@en .

<http://cris.nrw/hisinone/RessourceText>
        a           owl:NamedIndividual , <http://cris.nrw/hisinone/ArtderRessource> , owl:Thing ;
        rdfs:label  "Text"@de-DE , "Text"@en-US .

bibo:Document  a    owl:Class ;
        rdfs:label  "Dokument"@de-DE , "Document"@en-US , "Document"@en .

<https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/aut_16389-5>
        a             obo:BFO_0000001 , obo:BFO_0000020 , vivo:Authorship , vivo:Relationship , obo:BFO_0000002 , owl:Thing ;
        vivo:relates  <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/publ_16389> .

<https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/cite_16389-2>
        a       thkoeln:Zitat , owl:Thing .

<http://cris.nrw/date2021>
        a       obo:BFO_0000003 , obo:BFO_0000008 , obo:BFO_0000001 , vivo:DateTimeValue , obo:BFO_0000148 , owl:Thing .

owl:Thing  a    owl:Class .

thkoeln:Journalartikel
        a           owl:Class ;
        rdfs:label  "Journal Article"@en-US , "Journalartikel"@de-DE .

obo:IAO_0000030  a  owl:Class ;
        rdfs:label  "Entität für Informationsinhalt"@de-DE , "Information Content Entity"@en-US , "Information Content Entity"@en .

<https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/aut_16389-4>
        a             obo:BFO_0000001 , obo:BFO_0000020 , vivo:Authorship , vivo:Relationship , obo:BFO_0000002 , owl:Thing ;
        vivo:relates  <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/publ_16389> .

<https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/cite_16389-1>
        a       thkoeln:Zitat , owl:Thing .

<https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/11000380>
        a           thkoeln:Organisationseinheit , foaf:Agent , obo:BFO_0000001 , obo:BFO_0000004 , obo:BFO_0000002 , foaf:Organization , owl:Thing ;
        rdfs:label  ":metabolon Institute" ;
        <http://cris.nrw/hisinone/istOrganisationseinheitVon>
                <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/publ_16389> .

<https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/10000146>
        a           thkoeln:Organisationseinheit , foaf:Agent , obo:BFO_0000001 , obo:BFO_0000004 , obo:BFO_0000002 , foaf:Organization , owl:Thing ;
        rdfs:label  "Institut für Produktentwicklung und Konstruktionstechnik" ;
        <http://cris.nrw/hisinone/istOrganisationseinheitVon>
                <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/publ_16389> .

<https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/aut_16389-3>
        a             obo:BFO_0000001 , obo:BFO_0000020 , vivo:Authorship , vivo:Relationship , obo:BFO_0000002 , owl:Thing ;
        vivo:relates  <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/publ_16389> .

<https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/cite_16389-0>
        a       thkoeln:Zitat , owl:Thing .

<https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/11000450>
        a           thkoeln:Organisationseinheit , foaf:Agent , obo:BFO_0000001 , obo:BFO_0000004 , obo:BFO_0000002 , foaf:Organization , owl:Thing ;
        rdfs:label  "Institute for Natural Resources Technology and Management" ;
        <http://cris.nrw/hisinone/istOrganisationseinheitVon>
                <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/publ_16389> .

<http://cris.nrw/hisinone/RestrictedAccess>
        a           <http://cris.nrw/hisinone/Zugangsrecht> , owl:NamedIndividual , owl:Thing ;
        rdfs:label  "Restricted Access"@en-US , "Restricted Access"@de-DE .

<https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/aut_16389-2>
        a             obo:BFO_0000001 , obo:BFO_0000020 , vivo:Authorship , vivo:Relationship , obo:BFO_0000002 , owl:Thing ;
        vivo:relates  <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/publ_16389> .

thkoeln:Publikation  a  owl:Class ;
        rdfs:label  "Publikationen"@de-DE , "Publications"@en-US .