@prefix ocrer: <http://purl.org/net/OCRe/research.owl#> .
@prefix owl:   <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix scires: <http://vivoweb.org/ontology/scientific-research#> .
@prefix xsd:   <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix skos:  <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
@prefix rdfs:  <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix ocresd: <http://purl.org/net/OCRe/study_design.owl#> .
@prefix swo:   <http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/swo/> .
@prefix cito:  <http://purl.org/spar/cito/> .
@prefix geo:   <http://aims.fao.org/aos/geopolitical.owl#> .
@prefix ocresst: <http://purl.org/net/OCRe/statistics.owl#> .
@prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix vivo:  <http://vivoweb.org/ontology/core#> .
@prefix event: <http://purl.org/NET/c4dm/event.owl#> .
@prefix vann:  <http://purl.org/vocab/vann/> .
@prefix foaf:  <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
@prefix c4o:   <http://purl.org/spar/c4o/> .
@prefix fabio: <http://purl.org/spar/fabio/> .
@prefix vcard: <http://www.w3.org/2006/vcard/ns#> .
@prefix thkoeln: <http://cris.nrw/hisinone#> .
@prefix vitro: <http://vitro.mannlib.cornell.edu/ns/vitro/0.7#> .
@prefix vitro-public: <http://vitro.mannlib.cornell.edu/ns/vitro/public#> .
@prefix rdf:   <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix ocresp: <http://purl.org/net/OCRe/study_protocol.owl#> .
@prefix bibo:  <http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/> .
@prefix obo:   <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/> .
@prefix ro:    <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro.owl#> .

obo:BFO_0000031  a  owl:Class ;
        rdfs:label  "Bedingter Kontinuant"@de-DE , "Generically Dependent Continuant"@en-US , "Generically Dependent Continuant"@en .

<https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/FF_001>
        <http://cris.nrw/hisinone/istForschungsfeldvon>
                <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/publ_13832> .

<https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/publ_13832>
        a                         obo:IAO_0000030 , foaf:Document , obo:BFO_0000001 , thkoeln:Journalartikel , bibo:Document , thkoeln:Artikel , obo:BFO_0000002 , thkoeln:Publikation , owl:Thing , obo:BFO_0000031 ;
        rdfs:label                "RDF description of Positive Impact of Red Soil on Albedo and the Annual Yield of Bifacial Photovoltaic Systems in Ghana - https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/publ_13832" , "Positive Impact of Red Soil on Albedo and the Annual Yield of Bifacial Photovoltaic Systems in Ghana" ;
        thkoeln:URL               "https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/4/2042/pdf?version=1676794094" ;
        thkoeln:artikelnummer     "2042" ;
        thkoeln:dokumententyp     "Wissenschaftlicher Artikel" ;
        thkoeln:peerReviewed      "true" ;
        thkoeln:sprache           "englisch" ;
        thkoeln:status            "validiert" ;
        <http://cris.nrw/hisinone/hatForschungsfeld>
                <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/FF_001> ;
        <http://cris.nrw/hisinone/hatOrganisationseinheit>
                <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/11000126> , <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/eigene_HS> , <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/10000148> ;
        <http://cris.nrw/hisinone/hatRessourceart>
                <http://cris.nrw/hisinone/RessourceText> ;
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                <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/cite_13832-2> , <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/cite_13832-1> , <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/cite_13832-0> ;
        <http://cris.nrw/hisinone/hatZugangsrecht>
                <http://cris.nrw/hisinone/OpenAccess> ;
        <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/date>
                "2026-04-03T23:53:06"^^xsd:dateTime ;
        <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/publisher>
                <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo> ;
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                <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/termsOfUse> ;
        bibo:abstract             "The annual yield of bifacial photovoltaic systems is highly dependent on the albedo of the underlying soil. There are currently no published data about the albedo of red soil in western Africa. In this study, the impact of the albedo of red soil in Ghana on the energy yield of bifacial photovoltaic systems is analysed. A bifacial photovoltaic simulation model is created by combining the optical view factor matrix with an electrical output simulation. For an exact simulation, the albedo of red soil at three different locations in Ghana is measured for the first time. The average albedo of every red soil is clearly determined, as well as the measurement span including instrumentation uncertainty; values between 0.175 and 0.335 were measured. Considering these data, a state-of-the-art bifacial photovoltaic system with an average of 19.8% efficient modules in northern Ghana can achieve an annual energy yield of 508.8 kWh/m2 and a bifacial gain of up to 18.3% in comparison with monofacial photovoltaic panels. To summarise, red soil in two out of three locations in Ghana shows higher albedo values than most natural ground surfaces and therefore positively impacts the annual yield of bifacial photovoltaic systems." ;
        bibo:doi                  "10.3390/en16042042" ;
        bibo:issue                "4" ;
        bibo:volume               "16" ;
        vitro:mostSpecificType    thkoeln:Journalartikel ;
        vivo:dateTimeValue        <http://cris.nrw/date2023> ;
        vivo:freetextKeyword      "Photovoltaic Systems" , "Ghana" , "Power System Simulation" , "Albedo" , "Red Soil" , "Bifacial Photovoltaic" , "Solar Energy" , "Renewable Energy Simulation" ;
        vivo:hasPublicationVenue  <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/journal_2083> ;
        vivo:relatedBy            <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/aut_13832-1> , <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/aut_13832-3> , <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/aut_13832-2> .

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        rdfs:label  "Open Access"@en-US , "Open Access"@de-DE .

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        rdfs:label  "Kontinuant"@de-DE , "Continuant"@en-US , "Continuant"@en .

<https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/eigene_HS>
        a           thkoeln:Organisationseinheit , foaf:Agent , obo:BFO_0000001 , obo:BFO_0000004 , obo:BFO_0000002 , foaf:Organization , owl:Thing ;
        rdfs:label  "TH Köln" ;
        <http://cris.nrw/hisinone/istOrganisationseinheitVon>
                <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/publ_13832> .

<http://cris.nrw/date2023>
        a       obo:BFO_0000003 , obo:BFO_0000008 , obo:BFO_0000001 , vivo:DateTimeValue , obo:BFO_0000148 , owl:Thing .

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        rdfs:label  "Artikel"@de-DE , "Article"@en-US .

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        rdfs:label  "Entität"@de-DE , "Entity"@en-US , "Entity"@en .

<http://cris.nrw/hisinone/RessourceText>
        a           owl:NamedIndividual , <http://cris.nrw/hisinone/ArtderRessource> , owl:Thing ;
        rdfs:label  "Text"@de-DE , "Text"@en-US .

<https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/aut_13832-1>
        a             obo:BFO_0000001 , obo:BFO_0000020 , vivo:Authorship , vivo:Relationship , obo:BFO_0000002 , owl:Thing ;
        vivo:relates  <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/publ_13832> .

<https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/10000148>
        a           thkoeln:Organisationseinheit , foaf:Agent , obo:BFO_0000001 , obo:BFO_0000004 , obo:BFO_0000002 , foaf:Organization , owl:Thing ;
        rdfs:label  "Institut für Werkstoffanwendung" ;
        <http://cris.nrw/hisinone/istOrganisationseinheitVon>
                <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/publ_13832> .

bibo:Document  a    owl:Class ;
        rdfs:label  "Dokument"@de-DE , "Document"@en-US , "Document"@en .

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        a       thkoeln:Zitat , owl:Thing .

owl:Thing  a    owl:Class .

thkoeln:Journalartikel
        a           owl:Class ;
        rdfs:label  "Journal Article"@en-US , "Journalartikel"@de-DE .

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        a           thkoeln:Organisationseinheit , foaf:Agent , obo:BFO_0000001 , obo:BFO_0000004 , obo:BFO_0000002 , foaf:Organization , owl:Thing ;
        rdfs:label  "Cologne Institute for Renewable Energy" ;
        <http://cris.nrw/hisinone/istOrganisationseinheitVon>
                <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/publ_13832> .

obo:IAO_0000030  a  owl:Class ;
        rdfs:label  "Entität für Informationsinhalt"@de-DE , "Information Content Entity"@en-US , "Information Content Entity"@en .

<https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/journal_2083>
        a                         bibo:Journal , obo:BFO_0000001 , obo:BFO_0000031 , bibo:Collection , thkoeln:Zeitschrift , owl:Thing , obo:IAO_0000030 , bibo:Periodical , obo:BFO_0000002 ;
        rdfs:label                "Energies" ;
        vivo:publicationVenueFor  <https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/publ_13832> .

<https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/cite_13832-1>
        a       thkoeln:Zitat , owl:Thing .

<https://fis.th-koeln.de/vivo/individual/cite_13832-0>
        a       thkoeln:Zitat , owl:Thing .

thkoeln:Publikation  a  owl:Class ;
        rdfs:label  "Publikationen"@de-DE , "Publications"@en-US .