Identification of Methodologies to Quantify Education System Resilience—A Scoping Review

Schools and other educational institutions are important for the well-being of society. However, education continuity is increasingly threatened by negative influences such as disasters and acts of violence. An important tool to ensure the safety of educational institutions is the development of a methodology to measure education system resilience. To advance the development of such a methodology, a scoping review is conducted to identify current quantification methodologies for education system resilience and to highlight promising research directions. The procedure of the scoping review is developed following the specifications of Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewer's Manual in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR-checklist. Quantitative psychological approaches are excluded for reasons of consistency of the resilience conceptualization. Resulting from a total of 2528 records, 31 are involved in data synthesis comprising (case) studies from the continents of Asia, North and South America, as well as Europe. While the scoping review started broad, a predominance of building-related studies and natural hazards was identified. Furthermore, the methodologies mainly differ along three dimensions: scope, level of detail, and complexity. However, no methodology achieves high performance on all dimensions. Altogether, it can be recognized that all methodologies possess individual advantages that complement each other well. Therefore, a framework for combining the different quantification methodologies is proposed to achieve the most accurate and comprehensive quantification possible. Considering only limited available resources, an adaptation of the proposed methodology to the educational institution's and its community's social, geographic, and further circumstances is essential to allow for a prioritization of quantification components.